Offshore wind energy, wind turbines, wave dynamics, wind-wave interaction, ocean waves, surface waves, gravity waves, capillary waves, wave height, wave length, wave period, wave frequency, significant wave height, peak wave period, wave spectrum, wave energy, wave power, wave forces, wave loads, hydrodynamic forces, aerodynamic forces, wind loads, turbulence, wind shear, atmospheric boundary layer, marine environment, coastal engineering, offshore structures, floating offshore wind turbines, fixed offshore wind turbines, monopile foundations, jacket foundations, gravity foundations, floating platforms, spar buoys, semi-submersibles, tension leg platforms, mooring systems, dynamic cable systems, scour protection, seabed stability, metocean data, wave measurement, wave modeling, numerical modeling, computational fluid dynamics (CFD), Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS), Large Eddy Simulation (LES), Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), finite element analysis (FEA), structural analysis, fatigue analysis, extreme loads, operational loads, survivability, design criteria, safety factors, risk assessment, environmental impact, marine ecosystems, marine mammals, seabirds, fish, benthic communities, underwater noise, electromagnetic fields, habitat disruption, climate change, sea level rise, storm surge, extreme weather events, tropical cyclones, hurricanes, typhoons, wind gusts, turbulence intensity, wave breaking, whitecaps, spray, icing, marine growth, biofouling, corrosion, maintenance, inspection, repair, offshore operations, logistics, vessel traffic, port facilities, supply chain, cost of energy, levelized cost of energy (LCOE), grid integration, power transmission, offshore substations, cable landing, onshore grid, energy storage, battery storage, pumped hydro, hydrogen production, power-to-gas, smart grid, demand response, energy efficiency, renewable energy, sustainable energy, clean energy, carbon emissions, greenhouse gas emissions, climate mitigation, energy transition, blue economy, marine spatial planning, stakeholder engagement, public acceptance, social impact, economic development, job creation, local communities, coastal regions, research and development, innovation, technology advancement, offshore wind farms, wind power plants, renewable energy sources, oceanography, meteorology, fluid mechanics, structural engineering, geotechnical engineering, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, control systems, sensors, data acquisition, data analysis, machine learning, artificial intelligence, digital twins, remote sensing, satellite data, radar data, lidar data, acoustic data, environmental monitoring, weather forecasting, wave prediction, wind resource assessment, site selection, feasibility studies, environmental impact assessment (EIA), permitting, licensing, regulations, standards, certification, offshore wind industry, offshore wind market, global offshore wind capacity, offshore wind development, offshore wind projects, offshore wind innovation, wave-current interaction, wave diffraction, wave reflection, wave refraction, long waves, short waves, infragravity waves, swell waves, sea waves, wind-generated waves, wave transformation, wave dissipation, shallow water effects, deep water waves, wave shoaling, wave refraction, wave diffraction, wave breaking, whitecapping, energy dissipation, momentum transfer, air-sea interaction, wind stress, drag coefficient, roughness length, boundary layer development, turbulent flow, coherent structures, wave-turbulence interaction, vortex shedding, wake effects, blade aerodynamics, rotor dynamics, structural dynamics, aeroelasticity, coupled dynamics, wind turbine control, pitch control, yaw control, blade loads, tower loads, foundation loads, cable loads, mooring loads, extreme events, fatigue damage, structural integrity, reliability, availability, maintainability, life cycle assessment, decommissioning, repowering, circular economy, sustainable development goals (SDGs), Paris Agreement, climate action, energy security, energy access, economic growth, social equity, environmental protection.